# Lesson Plan: How to Make Disinfectant
## Subject: Prevocational Studies
## Grade Level: Primary 6
## Duration: 60 minutes
### Objectives:
1. Students will understand the importance of personal and environmental hygiene.
2. Students will learn about basic ingredients and tools needed to make disinfectant.
3. Students will successfully create a simple disinfectant solution.
4. Students will recognize the safe usage and storage of disinfectant.
### Materials Needed:
- Liquid soap
- Water
- White vinegar
- Essential oils (optional, for fragrance)
- Measuring cups and spoons
- Empty spray bottles
- Labels and markers
- Mixing bowls
- Stirring sticks
- Gloves
### Lesson Structure:
#### Introduction (10 minutes)
1. **Warm-up Activity**: Start with a brief discussion on hygiene. Ask questions like:
- Why is it important to keep our surroundings clean?
- What can happen if we don’t clean properly?
2. **Learning Objective**:
- Explain that today's lesson will be about making a simple disinfectant to help keep our homes and classrooms clean.
#### Instructional Input (15 minutes)
1. **Discussion**:
- Explain the difference between cleaning and disinfecting.
- Discuss the importance of disinfectants in killing germs and maintaining a healthy environment.
2. **Ingredients Overview**:
- Show and explain each ingredient: liquid soap, white vinegar, and essential oils.
- Discuss what these ingredients do:
- Liquid soap provides a cleaning base.
- White vinegar acts as an antibacterial agent.
- Essential oils can add a pleasant smell (mention some common ones like lavender or tea tree).
#### Guided Practice (20 minutes)
1. **Step-by-Step Instructions**:
- Hand out gloves.
- Demonstrate and guide students through making the disinfectant:
- First, measure 1 cup of water and pour it into the mixing bowl.
- Add 1/4 cup of white vinegar.
- Squeeze in 1 teaspoon of liquid soap.
- If using, add 10 drops of essential oil.
- Stir the mixture well.
- Pour the mixture into an empty spray bottle using a funnel.
2. **Label Crafting**:
- Provide labels and markers. Have students label their spray bottles with "Disinfectant" and the date it was made.
#### Independent Practice (10 minutes)
1. **Hands-On Activity**:
- Allow students to practice spraying the disinfectant on different surfaces in the classroom.
- Review how to properly use and wipe down surfaces for effective disinfection.
#### Conclusion (5 minutes)
1. **Recap**:
- Summarize the key points of the lesson:
- The importance of disinfectants.
- The ingredients and steps to make a disinfectant.
- How to label and use the disinfectant safely.
2. **Q&A**:
- Open the floor for any questions.
- Encourage students to discuss their thoughts on the activity and how they can use this new skill at home.
### Assessment:
- Observe students during the practical activity to ensure they follow directions accurately.
- Ask students to write down the steps involved in making the disinfectant on a piece of paper.
- Review students' labeled spray bottles for accuracy.
### Extension Activities:
- Have students research other natural disinfectants and share their findings with the class.
- Create a poster displaying the importance of hygiene and how to make disinfectant to be placed in the school hallway.
### Homework:
- Ask students to demonstrate how to make disinfectant to a family member at home and write a short paragraph describing their experience.
By the end of this lesson, students will have a deeper understanding of hygiene practices, the ability to make a basic disinfectant, and a sense of confidence in contributing to a healthier environment.